Evaluation of Marine Mammal Sighting Data and Compiled Records to Formulate Effective Mitigation Measures for Conservation in Myanmar

Whales, dolphins, and porpoises are classified under the order Cetacea and are collectively referred to as Cetaceans. According to the 2022 reports from the Cetacean Specialist Group of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 93 species of Cetaceans (including whales, dolphins, and porpoises) have been identified. Based on data from surveys, compiled records, and global maps of Cetacea distribution, it has been observed that Myanmar's coastal waters, stretching 2,832 kilometers along the shoreline, are home to over 25 species of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Department of Fisheries is working to ensure the success of activities related to the conservation and protection of marine mammals, as well as bycatch reduction. These efforts include issuing directives to prevent endangered marine mammal species, conducting marine mammals sighting surveys, organizing research expeditions, and promoting awareness-raising activities. Furthermore, as part of the Ayeyarwaddy River conservation efforts, from 2002 onwards, research has been carried out regarding the spread and occurrence of Irrawaddy dolphins between Mandalay and Bhamo City along the upper Ayeyarwaddy River. The department is also working on solutions to the risks faced by the Irrawaddy dolphins through various methods. So, this report aims to provide recommendations to support the success and effectiveness of efforts to reduce marine mammals bycatch in Myanmar.